Liquid hydrogen (H2) plays a key role in the energy transition, but places extremely high demands on measurement and control systems. In this blog you can read all about the technical requirements for a safe and accurate temperature measurement system suitable for measuring at extremely low temperature conditions.
Hydrogen becomes liquid at a temperature of -252.87 °C. That is just above absolute zero (-273 °C). At this point, temperature measurement systems no longer function under "normal" conditions: standard components fail, materials change composition and safety is immediately compromised.
That is why specialized cryogenic measurement technology is required.
Pressurised hydrogen plant with temperature sensor and H2 control in industrial environment
For liquid hydrogen applications, the temperature sensor must be suitable for cryogenic temperature ranges well below -250 °C.
Not all temperature sensors can withstand these conditions. Therefore, choose systems specially designed for cryogenic applications.
Around 20 Kelvin (-253 °C), hydrogen is particularly sensitive to small temperature changes. A deviation of just 0.5 K can lead to gas formation, with risk of overpressure or explosion.
Pressures of up to 105 bar can occur during storage or transport of liquid hydrogen. The combination of pressure and temperature make the system especially vulnerable.
Industrial pipes and valves for temperature and pressure measurement in liquid hydrogen
Hydrogen gas quickly forms an explosive mixture with air. Measuring systems must therefore meet the strictest explosion protection requirements.
Low humidity and friction in cryogenic plants quickly create static electricity. A small spark caused by ESD (Electro Static Discharge), can be catastrophic in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere.
Extremely low temperatures make materials shrink or become brittle. Electrical properties can also change. Therefore, the right choice of material is crucial.
Cryogenic temperature sensor from JUMO with H2-ready label suitable for hydrogen applications
The JUMO 903520 is an advanced cryogenic temperature sensor that meets all requirements.
This sensor is specially developed for the demanding world of liquid hydrogen. The sensor offers maximum reliability, safety and precision under the most extreme conditions.
Below you will find an overview of the most important technical specifications for safe temperature measurement of liquid hydrogen (LH2):
| Technical aspects and requirements | |
|---|---|
| Measuring range | -270 °C to +200 °C or more |
| Accuracy | ±0.5 K at 20 K |
| Pressure resistance | minimum 150 bar (1500 PSI) |
| Explosion protection | ATEX zone 0/1/20/21,Ex i/Ec d/Ex e |
| ESD protection | antistatic housing, grounded system |
| Material | cryogenically tested Inconel, stainless steel or titanium |
My name is Saskia van der Laan and I have been working in content marketing for several years. I like to combine my professional skills with my passion for writing, with the aim of informing and inspiring. Outside of work, I like to walk my dog, I love reading and being active.
